A Sustainable Olympic Games: Applying the NEPA Framework to Reevaluate Olympic Site Selection

    Introduction In the late nineteenth century, Pierre de Coubertin proposed the revival of the Olympic Games, which came to life in 1896 as the modern Olympic Games in Athens, Greece.[2] The widely popular ancient Olympic Games ceased in 393 or 394 A.D., when Roman Emperor Theodosious I rejected them as a celebration of Zeus and obstructive to the growing Christian empire.[3] When de Coubertin proposed the modern Olympic Games (the “Games”), he suggested that the heart of the Games shift from Zeus and Continue reading →

The Arkema Chemical Facility Incident: How the Regulation of Reactive Chemicals and the Incorporation of Climate Change Risks in Emergency Response Planning Could Mitigate and Prevent Future Accidental Chemical Releases

Introduction From 2006 to 2016, 60 people died, 17,000 were injured, 500,000 people were forced to evacuate their homes, and more than $2 billion in property damage occurred as a result of 15,000 incidents related to chemical plant operation safety in the United States.[2] This Note examines several of the factors that contribute to high accident rates by examining the specific events at one chemical facility during a natural disaster. Part I of this Note describes the events that occurred at the Arkema facility in Continue reading →

In Furtherance of National Interest or a Pirate’s Blockade?: The Effect of the Trade War on the U.S. Steel, Aluminum, and Solar Industries

 Abstract Much like a pirate blockade, trade wars and tariffs slow commerce and can hurt certain industries. The current United States trade war with China has created economic stressors in the steel, aluminum, and solar industries. This Note will examine the history of tariffs in the United States and the powers of the president to shape the economic future of the country. This Note will also discuss how the steel, aluminum, and solar industries are impacted by the trade war and the possible legal paths Continue reading →

Monuments in Name Only: The Delay Between Designation and Protection of National Monuments

    Introduction Public lands are some of America’s most valuable resources. To many, they embody the idealized, picturesque version of the wild and connect us to the land. For others, public lands are a means for industry, with cheap access to grazing or mineral deposits. Because these public lands belong to everyone, the government, as land manager, must balance a diverse set of competing interests. Although there are national parks and wilderness areas that skew management in favor of conservation, the vast majority of Continue reading →

The Conflicting Mandate: Agency Paralysis Through the Congressional Review Act’s Resubmit Provision

Introduction In March 2017, Congress invoked a twenty-one-year-old law—previously used only once—to invalidate a broad swath of late Obama-era regulations. The Congressional Review Act (“CRA” or “Act”), is a once obscure law that now features prominently in the national spotlight.[2] It seems apparent that until recently, few realized exactly how powerful the CRA could be. [3] Before this recent wave, the CRA was viewed as an unduly burdensome and largely useless procedural hoop.[4] Critics of the Act opine that it has little use because it Continue reading →

An Odd Way to Read a Preemption Statute: The Atomic Energy Act, Virginia Uranium, and the Diné Natural Resource Protection Act

  Introduction On November 5, 2018, the United States Supreme Court heard arguments for Virginia Uranium, Inc. v. Warren,[2] in which a would-be uranium-mining company challenged Virginia’s thirty-year-old uranium mining ban[3] as preempted under the Atomic Energy Act (“AEA”).[4] The AEA, which governs federal regulation of nuclear materials and technology, expressly exempts uranium mining from control by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (“NRC”), making the preemption argument unlikely on its face. The petitioners nonetheless advanced several variations of their preemption claim, all dependent on a purpose-driven Continue reading →

Reimagining What is Necessary: Using Active Management in Wilderness Areas to Mitigate High-Loss Wildfires

      Introduction Denver Water is a water utility that serves a million and a half customers in and around the Denver Metro Area.[2] Much of its supply comes from surface water, which originates as rain and melting snow from the Rocky Mountains and travels through streams and rivers. This gives the utility significant interest in the management and health of large areas of forested land,[3] which are prone to naturally occurring and human-made wildfires. Issues regarding Denver Water’s assets arose after the 1996 Continue reading →

Democratizing Treaty Fishing Rights: Denying Fossil-Fuel Exports in the Pacific Northwest

Indian treaty fishing rights scored an important judicial victory recently when an equally divided U.S. Supreme Court affirmed the Ninth Circuit’s decision in the so-called “culverts case,” which decided that the Stevens Treaties of the 1850s give the tribes a right to protect salmon migration obstructed by barrier road culverts. The implications of that decision on other habitat-damaging activities have yet to be ascertained, but even prior to the resolution of the culverts case there were significant indications that federal, state, and local administrative agencies Continue reading →

Priority Disputes Between Holders of Old Order Mineral Rights and Holders of Prospecting Rights or Mining Rights Under the MPRDA in South Africa: Aquila Has Not Landed

“Cui bono?” Cicero As part of the radical transformation of the mineral regime of South Africa, the African National Congress (“ANC”) government introduced the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002 (“MPRDA”) on May 1, 2004. The MPRDA not only vested mineral resources in the custody of the state but also provided for application of new rights on merit by any applicant. The MPRDA also recognized prospecting rights, mining rights, and mineral rights of the previous mineral law dispensation as old order rights Continue reading →

Reducing Emissions Through Renewable Energy: EU and U.S. Energy Policy Frameworks in the Age of Natural Gas

    Calls to combat climate change are reaching deafening levels across the international community. Study after study shows the links between anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and the devastating effects on our planet’s changing climate. Catastrophic species loss, fundamental changes in ecosystems across the globe, and food and water scarcity forcing millions into poverty are only a few effects of unchecked climate change. Among developed and developing nations alike, electricity generation creates a substantial amount of greenhouse gas emissions. This fact has led to a Continue reading →