Areas of Critical Environmental Concern: FLPMA’s Unfulfilled Conservation Mandate

[1]Authors’ note: The analysis and citations in this article to “current” Bureau of Land Management (BLM) planning regulations are to the regulations in effect in 2015, when the article was initially prepared. In 2016, BLM issued new planning regulations, to be effective in January of 2017. However, on March 7, 2017, Congress voted to rescind these regulations pursuant to the Congressional Review Act. As of this writing, the President has not signed the bill into law, but there is little doubt that he will. When he Continue reading →

Mountain Biking into the Wilderness

  ABSTRACT America’s Wilderness Act of 1964[2]* (the “Wilderness Act”) dedicates unique and scenically important federal lands for protection from development.  Over time, the increased acreage of federal land designated as Wilderness, and new legislative proposals to further expand Wilderness, have fueled controversy over the scope of activities that may be pursued in Wilderness areas.  One of the most hotly contested debates of the 21st Century examines whether the Act allows mountain bikers to recreate in Wilderness.  And, if not, the corollary question is raised of whether Continue reading →

The Truth Behind International Climate Agreements: Why They Fail and Why the Bottom-Up is the Way Forward. A Game Theory Analysis

        I. INTRODUCTION Climate change is one of the biggest problems facing the world today. It is no longer just environmental groups who are warning of the threat. In 2014, the Pentagon released a report in which they determined that climate change was the greatest threat to national security, citing rising sea levels, more violent storms, and increased widespread droughts.[2] Major companies have also joined the call for action, with eighty-one companies signing the American Business Act on Climate Pledge, which calls Continue reading →

The Hard(rock) Truth About Abandoned Mines in the Western United States: Why the Pressure Is On to Enact Good Samaritan Legislation as a Way to Recover

      I. INTRODUCTION The water was mustard yellow. It was unnatural and unsafe, but was it unexpected? The normally blue, free-flowing Animas River, which flows from Southern Colorado into New Mexico, a part of the Colorado River System, was instantly transformed from a serene, natural river into a toxic wasteland. Three million gallons of toxic mining waste rushed into the Animas River on August 5, 2015, spilling over from Gold King Mine, located near Silverton, Colorado.[2] Although Gold King Mine has been inactive Continue reading →

Speech: In Love With the Wild: Thoughts About the Public Lands in the 21st Century

[1]Years ago, the writer and activist Terry Tempest Williams and I stood on the sidewalk in front of the Whitney Museum in New York asking passersby if they knew what the BLM is. Terry makes me do things like that. The first nine cosmopolitan people had no idea whatsoever, so Terry, who had bet that somebody would know, cheated. She spied a woman wearing heavy turquoise jewelry crossing the street and ran over to accost her. The woman, freshly arrived from Idaho, broke the streak Continue reading →

Colorado’s Ground-Level Ozone Burden

      I. INTRODUCTION Since 1970, the federal government has been regulating ground-level ozone under the Clean Air Act (“CAA”). At the ground level, ozone is an air pollutant, which can be harmful to humans, animals, and vegetation. Ground-level ozone is, in part, created by man-made emissions from industrial processes and vehicle exhaust. In October 2015, the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) announced its most aggressive regulatory action ever regarding ground-level ozone. For years, Colorado has struggled with attaining the federal government’s ozone requirements, and Continue reading →

Wringing Wonder From the Arid Landscape of Law

      INTRODUCTION It is easy to celebrate the multi-faceted work of Charles Wilkinson. His public service has given voice to many lives and communities. His teaching has transformed ambitions, including my own.[2] His wide-ranging writing has inspired uncounted thousands. Canvassing Professor Wilkinson’s full influence would require an article that would swallow any single issue of this law journal. Therefore, I limit my own tribute to the aspect of his many works I know the best: Wilkinson’s profound contribution to public land law scholarship. Continue reading →

Assured Water Supply Laws in the Western States: The Current State of Play

    ABSTRACT Better integration of water and land use planning has become an almost universal rallying cry in areas of water scarcity. A starting point for this integration is the consideration of the availability of water to serve new development in the process of land use approval by a local government. Requirements for subdividers to demonstrate that an adequate water supply is available for a proposed development are common and are known as “assured water supply” laws. This paper reviews such laws in eleven Continue reading →